Caroline Bonaparte, sister of Napoleon Bonaparte, was born in Ajaccio, Corsica, on March 25, 1782. She accompanied her brother to France in 1799 when he became First Consul, and played an important role in her brother's court, particularly as critical of Josephine de Beauharnais, the first wife of Napoleon.
In 1800, she married Joachim Murat, a brave, flamboyant, and ambitious cavalry officer who became one of Napoleon's most trusted and efficient commanders. When Napoleon crowned himself Emperor in 1804, Murat became Marshal of France. Caroline played a significant role as Queen of Naples, where she built palaces, sponsored cultural and artistic activities, and used her prestige to influence the politics of Naples and Europe.
Caroline also proved to be a capable and ambitious politician in her own right. She helped her husband in his successful military campaigns and in his bid for the title of King of Naples in 1808, which they achieved. In 1814, with Napoleon's abdication and subsequent exile to Elba, Caroline and her family were forced into exile, but she continued to play a role in the Bonapartist cause. After the Hundred Days campaign in 1815, famous for Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo, Caroline again went into exile, this time to Trieste, where she lived the rest of her life.
Caroline Bonaparte was known for her beauty, charm, intelligence, and political acumen, and she left a lasting mark in the history of France and Italy.
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